Viruses attack nearly every living organism on Earth. To do so, they rely on highly specialized proteins that recognize and ...

University of Toronto researchers have expanded our understanding of bacterial immunity with the discovery of a new protein ...

Bacteria talk to each other using N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) as quorum sensing (QS) signals. This signaling allows the bacteria to control gene expression of virulence factors and biofilms once ...

Common gut bacteria use protein delivery systems to interact directly with human cells, reshaping how scientists view the ...