How does the immune system fight pathogens? The immune system has two distinct components: mucosal and circulatory. The mucosal immune system provides protection at the mucosal surfaces of the body.

Vaccines are usually administered with a needle poke into the arm. But what if instead of a poke, you could get vaccinated with a huff and a puff? Subscribe to our newsletter for the latest sci-tech ...

Breakthrough intranasal therapy for allergic rhinitis shows promise in targeting root causes. Learn how nanoparticles could change hayfever treatment.

Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, has re-emerged worldwide and continues to be a major health concern. Caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, this contagious respiratory infection can ...

It’s hard to think of vaccination without associating it with a sharp jab in the arm. But there are other, more gentle ways of activating the immune system, such as administering vaccines via the nose ...

Researchers have developed an intranasal COVID-19 vaccine that enhances the immune system’s response to the virus, providing longer-lasting, greater protection than vaccine injections, even against ...

The U.S. led the world in quickly developing COVID-19 vaccines—one of the few bright spots in the country’s otherwise criticized response. But while injectable vaccines are effective in protecting ...

E-cigarette users and smokers had significantly higher amounts of Staphylococcus aureus in their respiratory microbiome than nonsmokers, and microbial diversity differed by sex, according to a new ...

A stuffy nose is inflammation inside your nose caused by infections, allergies, or pollution. Here are the best medicines and ...